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A metallurgical analysis of hull steel recovered from the ship's wreckage provides a clearer view of the issue. A frequently cited culprit is the quality of the steel used in the ship's construction. The scope of the tragedy, coupled with a detailed historical record, have fueled endless fascination with the ship and debate over the reasons as to why it did in fact sink.

The flooding of these compartments was sufficient to cause the ship to sink within two hours and 40 minutes, with a loss of more than 1,500 lives. Two days later at 11:40 p.m., Greenland time, it struck an iceberg that was three to six times larger than its own mass, damaging the hull so that the six forward compartments were ruptured. The Titanic began its maiden voyage to New York just before noon on April 10, 1912, from Southampton, England. The first two built were the RMS Olympic and the RMS Titanic a third ship, the RMS Britannic, was built later (the fate of the sister ships is described in the sidebar). This decision required the construction of a trio of luxurious steamships. During this meeting, plans were made to construct three enormous new White Star liners to compete with the Lusitania and Mauritania on the North Atlantic by establishing a three-ship weekly steamship service for passengers and mail between Southampton, England, and New York City.

Bruce Ismay, managing director of the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company, better known as the White Star Line (a name taken from its pennant). In that year, Lord William James Pirrie, managing director and controlling chair of the Irish shipbuilding company Harland and Wolff, met with J. Each had a gross tonnage of 31,000 tons and a maximum speed of 26 knots. By 1907, the Cunard Steamship Company introduced the largest and fastest steamers in the North Atlantic service: the Lusitania and the Mauritania. In the early part of this century, the only means of transportation for travelers and mail between Europe and North America was by passenger steamship. The analysis also shows, however, that the steel used was probably the best plain carbon ship plate available at the time of the ship's construction. SIDEBARS The Lives of the Sister Ships The Titanic in the Arts The Ethical and Legal Issues in Salvaging the TitanicĪ metallurgical analysis of steel taken from the hull of the Titanic's wreckage reveals that it had a high ductile-brittle transition temperature, making it unsuitable for service at low temperatures at the time of the collision, the temperature of the sea water was -2☌.

JankovicĬomposition Metallography Tensile Testing Charpy Impact Tests Shear Fracture Percent CONCLUSIONS The Royal Mail Ship Titanic: Did a Metallurgical Failure Cause a Night to Remember? Katherine Felkins, H.P. The following article appears in the journal JOM, JOM Article on The Titanic: Did a Metallurgical Failure Cause a Night to Remember?